Which of the following is used for business revenue reporting over a specific period of time?

The income statement is the most relevant document for business revenue reporting over a specific period of time. It summarizes the revenues earned and the expenses incurred during that period, ultimately showing the net income or loss. This financial statement provides a clear picture of a company's profitability and operational efficiency, making it essential for assessing the financial performance of a business.

In contrast, an accounting ledger focuses on the detailed records of transactions over time but does not present aggregated revenue or expenses in a summarized execution as an income statement does. A balance sheet, on the other hand, provides a snapshot of a company’s financial position at a single point in time, detailing assets, liabilities, and equity without reflecting the performance over a period. Lastly, while a financial statement can refer to various documents, it does not specify revenue reporting within a designated time frame like an income statement clearly does. Thus, it is the income statement that specifically meets the criteria outlined in the question.